Current Issue : April - June Volume : 2014 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 5 Articles
Supply Chain and Supply chain Management have played a significant role in corporate efficiency and have\r\nattracted the attention of numerous academicians over the last few years. Academic literature review discloses an\r\nimportant spurt in research in practice and theory of Supply Chain (SC) and Supply Chain Management (SCM).\r\nConnecting and informing on Supply Chain, Supply Chain Management and distribution Management\r\ncharacteristics have contributed to the Supply Chain integration. This integration has generated the approach of\r\nextended corporate and the supply chain is nowadays manifested as the cooperative supply chain across\r\nintercorporate borders to increase the value across of the whole supply chain.\r\nThis paper seeks to introduce supply Chain and Supply Chain Management. A Supply Chain and Supply Chain\r\nManagement definition, theoretical, practical and measurement analysis are proposed. Several randomly selected\r\nrefereed academic articles were methodically analyzed.\r\nA number of key findings have arisen: the field is a comparatively new one; several researchers have different\r\nperception of the discipline; the consensus is lacking on the definition of the terms: the Supply Chain and Supply\r\nChain Management are widely defined; contextual focus is mainly on the manufacturing industry; research methods\r\nemployed are mostly theoretical conceptual; the findings also suggest that undertaking a theory view could make\r\nimportant contributions towards defining the scope of supply chains. The literature review in this research proposes\r\ncritical lexicons that are mostly used in academic dissertation. These notions can be beneficial for academician or\r\norganizations that are involve in Supply Chain Management business...
Logistics networks need to handle globally\r\ngrowing transportation volumes in cost efficient and sustainable\r\nconfigurations. This research explores the impact\r\nof the oil price on the optimal degree of centralization of\r\nlogistics networks through the fluctuation of transportation\r\ncosts. The impact of the degree of centralization on\r\ngreenhouse gas emissions of transportation is evaluated.\r\nInvestigations are conducted by means of a model consisting\r\nof logistics network, logistics costs, carbon dioxide\r\nemissions and an empirically determined relationship of oil\r\nprice, fuel price and transportation costs. First, the dependency\r\nof transportation costs in European road transports\r\nfrom oil prices is derived. Then, the optimal configuration\r\nof the logistics network is determined for a range of oil\r\nprices. Sensitivity analysis on the value of traded goods is\r\nperformed. Results show an existing dependency of the\r\nEuropean logistics network structure limited to oil prices\r\nabove 150 USD/barrel. Dependency on the oil price\r\nincreases for high-value goods compared to low-valued\r\ngoods. Carbon dioxide emissions diminish with lower\r\ncentralization degree, as an effect of lower total transport\r\ndistance....
This paper studies a supply chain consisting of\r\na single vendor and multiple retailers that uses returnable\r\ntransport items, such as containers or crates, to facilitate\r\nshipping products from the vendor to the retailers. The\r\npaper considers two different strategies for transporting\r\nfinished products from the supplier to the retailers: In case\r\nof early shipments, deliveries to a retailer can be made\r\nwhile the production process at the supplier is still in\r\nprogress, while in the case of late shipments, the supplier\r\nhas to wait until the entire production lot has been finished\r\nbefore shipments can be made from the lot. The paper\r\ndevelops mathematical models for both strategies and\r\nderives optimal solutions for the cycle time, the container\r\nsize, the individual order quantities of the retailers and the\r\nshipment sequence with the intention to minimize the\r\naverage total costs of the system. The behavior of the\r\nmodels is analyzed with the help of numerical examples....
Today''s organizations, operating in an increasingly competitive conditions, are characterized\r\nby a network of relationships with suppliers and customers. Thus, the key resources, being a source of\r\ncompetitive advantage, are located not only within the organization but are part of network\r\nrelationships. The most important task of managers is to achieve supply chain cost efficiency while\r\nmaintaining high flexibility.\r\nThis article focuses on the potential role that management accounting information can play in supply\r\nchain management. It describes key methods that can be used in practice to implement management\r\naccounting practices that facilitate effective supply chain management....
This study developed a hierarchical structure of the 43 market centres along the Volta Lake in Ghana\r\nusing their essential characteristics and functional attributes. The functional composite indices used\r\nfor classifying the market centres were computed using weighting techniques which were applied to\r\nresident population, access roads, marketing periodicity, some services of centrality and selected\r\nsurrogates of market participation. Twenty eight (28) of the market centres fell in the lowest (6th) level of\r\nthe market centre hierarchy and were located at varying intervals along the lakeshore. The two 1st and\r\n2nd highest order markets were strategically located in the north of the lake region. The only market\r\ncentre in the 3rd order was located in the south whereas the two markets of the 4th rank were in the\r\nmidsection of the lake region. The study emphasized the importance of the market centres as service\r\ncentres for the Volta Lake Region whose economy is essentially based on agriculture and fishing. The\r\nmarket centres were considered as ââ?¬Ë?naturallyââ?¬â?¢ occurring service centres capable of stimulating growth\r\nimpulses in their catchment areas. The study recommended the adoption of the hierarchical order of\r\nthe market centres as a workable framework for planning the development of the Volta Lake Region....
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